๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Interactive Japanese Learning โ€” Lesson 2

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Lesson 2: Demonstratives, Noun Modifiers, and Everyday Objects

Demonstratives (Things)

๐Ÿ”Š
ใ“ใ‚Œ
this (thing here)
Kore
this (thing here)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใใ‚Œ
that (thing near you)
Sore
that (thing near you)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใ‚Œ
that (thing over there)
Are
that (thing over there)

Demonstrative Modifiers

๐Ÿ”Š
ใ“ใฎใ€œ
this ~
Kono ~
this ~, this ~ here
๐Ÿ”Š
ใใฎใ€œ
that ~ (near you)
Sono ~
that ~, that ~ near you
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใฎใ€œ
that ~ (over there)
Ano ~
that ~, that ~ over there

Pronouns & Possessives

๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใŸใ—
ใ‚ใŸใ—
Watashi
me
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใก
ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใก
Watashitachi
we
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใชใŸ
ใ‚ใชใŸ
Anata
you
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
Anata no
your / yours
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใ‚Œ
ใ‹ใ‚Œ
Kare
he
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใ‚Œใฎ
ใ‹ใ‚Œใฎ
Kare no
his
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡
Kanojo
she
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ใฎ
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ใฎ
Kanojo no
her

Objects & Everyday Items

๐Ÿ”Š
ใปใ‚“
book
Hon
book
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ˜ใ—ใ‚‡
dictionary
Jisho
dictionary
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ–ใฃใ—
magazine
Zasshi
magazine
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ—ใ‚“ใถใ‚“
newspaper
Shinbun
newspaper
๐Ÿ”Š
ใฆใกใ‚‡ใ†
pocket notebook
Techล
pocket notebook
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใ„ใ—
business card
Meishi
business card
๐Ÿ”Š
ใˆใ‚“ใดใค
pencil
Enpitsu
pencil
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใŽ
key
Kagi
key
๐Ÿ”Š
ใจใ‘ใ„
watch
Tokei
watch
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใ•
umbrella
Kasa
umbrella
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‹ใฐใ‚“
bag/briefcase
Kaban
bag, briefcase
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ˜ใฉใ†ใ—ใ‚ƒ
automobile
Jidลsha
automobile, car
๐Ÿ”Š
ใใ‚‹ใพ
car
Kuruma
car
๐Ÿ”Š
ใคใใˆ
desk
Tsukue
desk
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ„ใ™
chair
Isu
chair

Languages & Question Words

๐Ÿ”Š
ใˆใ„ใ”
English language
Eigo
English language
๐Ÿ”Š
ใซใปใ‚“ใ”
Japanese language
Nihon-go
Japanese language
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ€œใ”
language (suffix)
-go
language (suffix)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใชใ‚“๏ผใชใซ
what
Nan / Nani
what

Useful Expressions

๐Ÿ”Š
ใใ†
so
Sล
so
๐Ÿ”Š
ใกใŒใ„ใพใ™
no, it isn't / you are wrong
Chigaimasu
no, it isn't / you are wrong (polite)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใกใŒใ†
no (plain)
Chigau
no (plain)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹
I see / Is that so?
Sล desu ka
I see / Is that so?
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ใฎใ†
well (hesitation)
Anล
well (hesitation)
๐Ÿ”Š
ใปใ‚“ใฎใใ‚‚ใกใงใ™
it's a token of gratitude
Honno kimochi desu
it's nothing / a token of gratitude
๐Ÿ”Š
ใฉใ†ใž
please / here you are
Dลzo
please / here you are
๐Ÿ”Š
ใฉใ†ใ‚‚
well, thanks
Dลmo
well, thanks
๐Ÿ”Š
ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
thank you very much
[Dลmo] arigatล [gozaimasu]
thank you [very much]

Loan Words

๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒŽใƒผใƒˆ
notebook
Nลto
notebook
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰
card
Kฤdo
card
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ›ใƒณใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰
telephone card
Terehon-kฤdo
telephone card
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ซใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใƒ†ใƒผใƒ—
cassette tape
[Kasetto-] tฤ“pu
[cassette] tape
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒœใƒผใƒซใƒšใƒณ
ballpoint pen
Bลrupen
ballpoint pen
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใƒ—ใƒšใƒณใ‚ทใƒซ
mechanical pencil
Shฤpu-penshiru
mechanical pencil
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ€ใƒผ
tape recorder
Tฤ“pu-rekลda
tape recorder
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“
television
Terebi
television
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ช
radio
Rajio
radio
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉ
camera
Kamera
camera
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ
computer
Kompyลซtฤ
computer
๐Ÿ”Š
ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆ
chocolate
Chokorฤ“to
chocolate
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ
coffee
Kลhii
coffee

Kaiwa (Conversation)

๐Ÿ”Š
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠใ›ใ‚ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠใ›ใ‚ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
Korekara osewa ni narimasu
I hope for your kind assistance hereafter.
๐Ÿ”Š
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ
Kochira koso yoroshiku
I am pleased to meet you. (response)

Information: Situational Greetings

Business first meeting

Business cards are exchanged. ("Hajimemashite.")

New neighbors

Introduce yourself and give a small gift (towel, soap, sweets). Say Honno kimochi desu.

Grammar Explanation

1. Kore / Sore / Are โ€” demonstratives that function as nouns. "Kore" near speaker, "Sore" near listener, "Are" far from both.

Sore wa zasshi desu ka?

โ†’ Is that a magazine?

Kore wa kagi desu.

โ†’ This is a key.

2. Kono / Sono / Ano + N โ€” modify nouns. "Kono N" near speaker, "Sono N" near listener, "Ano N" far from both.

Kono nลto wa watashi no desu. โ†’ This notebook is mine.

Ano kata wa donata desu ka? โ†’ Who is that person?

3. Sล desu / Sล ja arimasen โ€” affirmative/negative responses in noun sentences. "Hai, sล desu." / "Iie, sล ja arimasen."

Sore wa techล desu ka? โ†’ Is that a pocket notebook?

Hai, sล desu. / Iie, chigaimasu.

4. S1 ka, S2 ka โ€” choose between alternatives; answer with the chosen sentence.

Kore wa zasshi ka shinbun desu ka? โ†’ Is this a magazine or a newspaper?

Zasshi desu. โ†’ It is a magazine.

5. N1 no N2 โ€” N1 explains what N2 is about or who owns N2.

Kore wa kuruma no zasshi desu. โ†’ This is a magazine of cars.

Kore wa watashi no zasshi desu. โ†’ This is my magazine.

Are wa dare no hon desu ka? โ†’ Whose book is that?

Kono kasa wa anata no desu ka? โ†’ Is this umbrella yours?

Iie, watashi no ja arimasen. โ†’ No, it's not mine.

6. Sล desu ka โ€” used to acknowledge new information.

Kono kaban wa anata no desu ka? โ†’ Is this bag yours?

Iie, chigaimasu. Tanabi-san no desu. โ†’ No, it's Mr. Tanabi's.

Sล desu ka. โ†’ I see.

Translation Activity 2

Exercise A: Sentence Pattern

1.

This is a dictionary.

Kore wa jisho desu.

2.

This is a book on computers.

Kore wa konpyลซtฤ no hon desu.

3.

That is my umbrella.

Are wa watashi no kasa desu.

4.

This umbrella is mine.

Kono kasa wa watashi no desu.

Example Sentences

1.

Is this a telephone card? โ†’ Yes, it is.

Hai, sล desu.

2.

Is this a notebook? โ†’ No, it's not. It's a pocket notebook.

Iie, chigaimasu. Techล desu.

3.

What is that? โ†’ This is a business card.

Kore wa meishi desu.

4.

Is this a business card or a telephone card? โ†’ It's a business card.

Meishi desu.

5.

Whose coffee is that? โ†’ It's Mr. Tanabi's coffee.

Tanabi-san no kลhii desu.

6.

Is this chocolate yours? โ†’ No, it's not mine.

Iie, watashi no ja arimasen.

7.

Whose magazine is this? โ†’ It's mine.

Watashi no desu.

Exercise B: Conversation โ€” This is just a Token

Ramos:

Yes. Who is it?

Hai. Donata desu ka?

Ibarra:

I am Dante Ibarra from (apartment) 583.

Watashi wa go-happyaku hachijลซ san-gล no Dante Ibarra desu.

Ibarra:

Hello. I am Dante Ibarra. How do you do? It is nice to meet you.

Konnichiwa. Watashi wa Dante Ibarra desu. Hajimemashite. Dลzo yoroshiku.

Ramos:

The pleasure's mine.

Kochira koso.

Ibarra:

Hmm, this is a little something...

Etto, honno kimochi desuโ€ฆ

Ramos:

Oh, thank you. What is it?

ฤ€, arigatล. Nan desu ka?

Ibarra:

It's chocolate. Please.

Chokorฤ“to desu. Dลzo.

Ramos:

Thank you very much.

Dลmo arigatล gozaimasu.